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Title
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EVALUATION OF THE IN VITRO ANTHELMENTIC ACTIVITY
AND TOXICITY OF BALAYONG (Cassia javanica L.) BARK
ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS IN OZAMIZ CITY, PHILIPPINES
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Author(s)
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BECOY, DAISY JOY D.
BUGAS, ROANNE JANE P.
BULAWAN, KC M.
CAMPECIÑO, KRIZZA MAE A.
GALLARDO, JEANNIE ROSE C.
GERALDIZO, JANYL LEAN M.
SEMBRANO, NICOLE FAITH A.
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Affiliation
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MISAMIS UNIVERSITY
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Degree Program
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Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology
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Contributor
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LAO, KARL MAXEL O. RMT, MSc MLS
ALCABAZA, ARJADE O. RCht
PARBA, MELIZA PhD
ATTY. AWA, ANTHONY L. MSc BIO, LPT
VILLANTES, YUNALYN L. PhD
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Year
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2026
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Abstract
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In the Philippines, parasitic infections caused by soil-transmitted helminths such as Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura remain a significant public health concern despite the implementation of deworming programs. This study investigated the anthelmintic potential of ethanolic extracts of Cassia javanica L. bark against these parasites and assessed their toxic effects using the brine shrimp lethality assay. Using an in vitro experimental design, bark samples collected from Ozamiz City were extracted using 70% ethanol. Anthelmintic activity was evaluated by measuring the paralysis and death times at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 5%, and 10%) and comparing them with the control groups. Toxicity was assessed using Artemia salina nauplii, and mortality was recorded after 24 hours to determine the LC50 value.
The results showed a concentration-dependent anthelmintic effect, with the 10% extract producing the fastest paralysis and death times for both parasites, particularly T. trichiura. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences among the treatment groups (p = 0.005–0.009). Toxicity testing revealed 100% mortality across all concentrations, indicating high toxicity with an LC50 value below 100 μg/mL. The findings suggest that C. javanica L. bark extract shows strong anthelmintic activity but also exhibits high cytotoxicity, highlighting the need for further studies on safety, dosage optimization, and the isolation of active compounds for potential therapeutic use.
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Keywords
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contamination, brine shrimp, parasites, mortality, transmission
