Title

ENABLERS, BARRIERS, AND ADHERENCE TO VACCINATION
AMONG ELDERLY

Author(s)

FERMIN, LYKA ARIANA B.

FERNANDEZ, HEART M.

HAMAC, ABYGAIL A.

LUCRESIA, CHRISTINE G.

NAVALES, MICHAILAH GALE T.

Affiliation

Misamis University

Degree Program

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

Contributor

Tabanao, Rojaida

Duyag, Merasol O.

Go, Maebil Marie B.

Gomez, Grethel A.

Year

2025

Abstract

Older adults aged 60 years and above are at high risk for infectious diseases such as influenza and pneumonia due to immuno-senescence and comorbidities. Despite the availability of vaccination, adherence among older adults is not consistent, particularly across diverse geographic areas. This study aimed to identify enablers and barriers to vaccination and their correlation with adherence among older adults of Tangub City. The research design applied in the current study was a descriptive correlational study to understand the barriers and facilitators in older adults' perception towards vaccination adherence. A total of two hundred and four respondents were selected through a stratified random sampling method. The researchers utilized a researcher-made questionnaire, validated and composed of three parts: Enablers, Barriers, and Adherence to Vaccination, with a 5-point Likert scale validated by expert judgment and pilot-tested with a reliability of (Cronbach's alpha ≥ 0.70). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Findings showed that trust in healthcare providers, health literacy and education, and perceived vulnerability to disease were significant enablers of vaccine adherence. Meanwhile, misinformation and fear, limited access to healthcare, and cultural or social beliefs served as significant barriers. The majority of respondents showed a generally good level of adherence to vaccination schedules, especially in receiving timely and repeat doses. The study concludes that enhancing health education, healthcare access, and addressing cultural beliefs are vital for improving vaccine adherence among older adults in urban and rural areas.

Keywords

barriers, elderly, enablers, urban-rural communities, vaccine adherence